16 Types of Building Components

• Substructure.
  • Bedding for Footing.
  • Footing.
• Superstructure.
  • Plinth.
  • Damp Proof Course.
  • Plinth Beam.
  • Floor.
  • Brick Wall.
  • Sill Level.
  • Window.
  • Lintels and Chajjas.
  • Column.
  • RCC Slab.
  • Parapet Wall.
  • Coping.
  • Weathering Course.
  • Stairs.

#1. Substructure:

• Bedding for Footing.
• Footing.

#1.1. Bedding for Footing-

#1.2. Footing-

#2. Superstructure:

#2.1. Plinth-

#2.2. Damp Proof Course-

#2.3. Plinth Beam-

#2.4. Floor-

#2.5. Brick Wall-

#2.6. Sill Level-

#2.7. Window-

#2.8. Lintels and Chajjas-

#2.9. Column-

#2.10. RCC Slab-

#2.11. Parapet Wall-

#2.12. Coping-

#2.13. Weathering Course-

#2.14. Stairs-

How a Building Is Constructed?

Process of Building Construction:

• The very first step of construction is make sure the ground is graded and prepared right.
• Next the foundation goes in. Depending on the type of building will determine the type of foundation is installed.
• Once the foundation is in then comes the framing. This is the skeleton of the structure.
• A contractor will then drywall the framing and install all the window and doors.
• Next come the electrical and the plumbing.
• While that is going on the roof may be finished up.
• Paint the walls and side the outside and you have a finished building.

Different Types of Building Construction Phases:

• Pre-Construction Steps.
• Building Construction Steps.

#1. Pre-Construction Steps-

• To Purchase Property or Land.
• To Check for Technical Assistance.
• Getting Prepared Estimates and Expenditure.
• Authorities' Approval.
• Approach to the Developer.

#1.1. To Purchase Property or Land-

#1.2. To Check for Technical Assistance-

#1.3. Getting Prepared Estimates and Expenditure-

#1.4. Authorities' Approval-

#1.5. Approach to the Developer-

#2. Building Construction Step-

• Preparation or Leveling of Site.
• Pcc and Excavation.
• Foundation.
• Plinth Beam and Slab.
• Columns.
• Brick Masonry's Operate.
• Door Window Lintel Gaps.
• Floor or Roof Structure.
• Door Glass Framing and Fixing.
• Electrical and Plumbing.
• Exterior Finishing.
• Terrace and Roof Finish.
• Internal Finishing.
• Woodwork and Repairing Fittings.

#2.1. Preparation or Leveling of Site-

#2.2. Pcc and Excavation-

#2.3. Foundation-

#2.4. Plinth Beam and Slab-

#2.5. Columns-

#2.6. Brick Masonry's Operate-

#2.7. Door Window Lintel Gaps-

#2.8. Floor or Roof Structure-

#2.9. Door Glass Framing and Fixing-

#2.10. Electrical and Plumbing-

#2.11. Exterior Finishing-

#2.12. Terrace and Roof Finish-

#2.13. Internal Finishing-

#2.14.Woodwork and Repairing Fittings-

House Structure Parts Names:

• Foundation.
• Plinth.
• Walls and columns.
• Floors.
• Lintels and chajjas.
• Roof.
• Doors and windows.
• Stairs and lifts.
• Finishing work (plastering and painting).
• Building services.
• Fencing and external works.

How a Building Is Constructed?

Building a House Step by Step-

Building Components and Their Functions

Building Elements in Architecture

• Wall, Arch, Beam Lintel, Quoin, Column, Orders.
• Base, Shaft, Capital.
• Window, Door.

Non Structural Elements of a Building

Chajja Dimensions

Types of Chajja

• Straight Chajja: This is a simple chajja that extends straight out from the building, providing shade and protection from the rain.
• Curved Chajja: A curved chajja has a gentle curve that adds an aesthetic appeal to the building. It can also provide better shade and protection from the sun.
• Bracketed Chajja: A bracketed chajja is supported by brackets that are attached to the building. It can be either straight or curved and is commonly used in traditional Indian architecture.
• Decorative Chajja: A decorative chajja is designed to be visually appealing and may feature intricate carvings or embellishments.
• Semi-Circular Chajja: A semi-circular chajja is a curved chajja that is only partially circular. It is commonly used in modern architecture.
• Semicircular-cum-bracketed Chajja: This type of chajja combines the bracketed and semi-circular styles to create a unique look.
• Elliptical Chajja: An elliptical chajja has a more elongated curve, giving it a distinctive shape that can complement modern or traditional buildings.
• Multiple Chajja: Multiple chajjas are used in large buildings to provide shade and protection from the sun and rain. They can be arranged in a variety of patterns to create a visually stunning effect.

Chajja in Civil Engineering

Coping in Construction

Parapet Level

The Masonry or Substructure of a Building

Chajja Thickness

Chajja in Building

Types of Superstructure Walls

• Load Bearing Wall. It carries loads imposed on it from beams and slabs above including its own weight and transfer it to the foundation.
• Non Load Bearing Wall.
• Cavity Walls.
• Shear Wall.
• Partition Wall.
• Panel Wall.
• Veneered Walls.
• Faced Wall.

• Parts of Stairs Labeled
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