Work to be Measured Separately

• Work in or underwater,
• Work in or under foul situations,
• Work under tidal conditions, and
• Work in snow.

Rate Analysis of Excavation in Earthwork as per Depth 

• Depth up to 1.5 m.
• Depth between 1.5 m. to 3.0 m.
• Depth between 3.0 m. to 4.5 m.
• Depth of more than 4.5 m.

Rate Analysis of Excavation in Earthwork as Classification

• Soft/Loose Soil
• Hard/Dense Soil
• Mud
• Soft/Disintegrated Rock
• Hard Rock (Requiring Blasting )
• Hard Rock ( Blasting Prohibited) 

Soft/Loose Soil

• Generally, any soil which yields into the ordinary application of pick and shovel, or to phawra. Rake or another ordinary digging implement, such as vegetable or organic soil, turf, gravel, sand, silt, loam, clay peat, etc.

Hard/Dense Soil

• Generally, any soil which requires this close application of picks, or jumpers or scarifiers to loosen, such as stiff clay, gravel, cobblestone, water-bound macadam, and soling of roads.

Mud

• A mixture of water and soil and in fluid or weak solid state.

Soft/Disintegrated Rock

Hard Rock (Requiring Blasting )

• Any rock or boulder for this excavation of which blasting is required.

Hard Rock ( Blasting Prohibited)

Bills of Quantities

• Setting out works, profiles, etc.
• Site clearance, like cleaning grass and vegetation
• Unauthorized battering or benching or excavation.
• Forming ‘dead men’ and ‘tell tales’ in borrow pits and their removal after measurements.
• Forming steps insides of deep excavation and their removal following measurements.
• Excavation for insertion of strutting and planking.
• Unless otherwise specified, removing slips or falls in excavations.
• Bailing out or pumping of water at excavation from rains.

Most Important Factor of Rate Analysis of Excavation in Earthwork

• Transport and lead distance for carrying excavated soil
• Depth of excavation
• Method of excavation – mechanical excavation or manual excavation 
• The capacity of labor for manual excavation
• The capacity of equipment for mechanical excavation and their cost per unit quantity.
• Extra Charges (LumSum)
• Water charges if used
• Profit of contractor

Example of Rate Analysis of Excavation in Earthwork

• Calculation of Backhoe Excavator for 10 Cu.m. Because of the rate analysis, 10 cu.m.
  • Backhoe Excavator =25 cu.m of per hour

• • So, 10 cu.m. work for = 0.050 Days required
  • As per Backhoe Excavator =Tractor/Dumper
• The cost of a Backhoe excavator machine for 10 m3  = 0.050 Day x 7000 Rs. (This took in CPWD)
• As per the same calculation for Tractor/Dumper = 0.050 Day x 2000 Rs. (This took in CPWD)

Excavation Rate Analysis Methods

Earthwork Excavation Cost Estimation

Calculating Excavation Rates in Construction

Excavation Productivity Analysis

• Define Metrics: Determine the productivity metrics that you want to analyze. Common metrics include excavation volume per unit of time (e.g., cubic meters per hour), cycle time (time taken for each excavation cycle), and equipment utilization rate.
• Collect Data: Gather relevant data on the excavation project. This may include the number of excavation cycles completed, the volume of material excavated, the time taken for each cycle, equipment used, and the number of workers involved.
• Calculate Productivity Metrics: Use the collected data to calculate the productivity metrics you defined in the first step. For example, to calculate excavation volume per unit of time, divide the total volume excavated by the total time taken.
• Identify Factors Affecting Productivity: Analyze the productivity metrics to identify factors that may be affecting productivity. This could include equipment breakdowns, delays in material supply, inefficient work processes, or inadequate workforce.

Factors Affecting Earthwork Excavation Rates

• Factors that affect the price of an excavation project.
• The type of project.
• The type of equipment that will be required for the excavation job.
• The size of the hole and the amount of soil and waste that has to be moved.
• The time of the year during which the work will be completed.
• Where you live.

Earth Work Excavation Rate Per M3

Excavation Rate Per M3

How Much Excavation Can Be Done in a Day by Labour?

How Much Excavation Can Be Done in a Day by Jcb?

How to Estimate Earthworks Cost?

What Is Rate Analysis in Estimation?

Excavation and Earthwork

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