Shut off the water supply: Locate the main water shut-off valve and turn it off to stop the water flow to the hydrant. This valve is usually found near the water meter or where the water supply enters your property.
Drain the water: Open the hydrant valve by turning the handle counterclockwise to release any water remaining in the pipe. Let the water drain completely to avoid any potential flooding or mess during the repair.
Remove the hydrant head: Using a wrench or pliers, loosen and remove the nut securing the hydrant head to the standpipe. Once the nut is loosened, pull the hydrant head straight up to detach it from the standpipe.
Inspect the hydrant head: Examine the hydrant head for any signs of damage, such as cracks, corrosion, or worn-out components. If you notice any issues, it's best to replace the entire hydrant head. Otherwise, proceed to the next step.
Replace the packing: If the hydrant head is in good condition, the issue may lie with the packing. The packing is a seal that prevents water from leaking around the hydrant stem. To replace the packing, unscrew the bonnet nut located just below the hydrant head. Remove the old packing material and replace it with a new packing kit, following the manufacturer's instructions. Apply pipe joint compound or wrap Teflon tape around the bonnet threads before reinstalling it.
Reinstall the hydrant head: Slide the hydrant head back onto the standpipe and secure it with the nut. Use a wrench or pliers to tighten the nut firmly, but avoid overtightening, as it may cause damage.
Turn on the water supply: Once the hydrant head is securely in place, turn on the main water supply valve slowly to allow the water to flow back into the system. Check for any leaks around the hydrant head and packing. If you notice any leaks, tighten the connections further or apply more pipe joint compound or Teflon tape to create a better seal.
Test the hydrant: With the water supply restored, operate the hydrant by turning the handle clockwise and counterclockwise to ensure smooth movement and proper functionality. Check for any leaks or drips during and after the operation.
Standpipe: The standpipe is the vertical pipe that extends into the ground. It connects the water supply line below the frost line to the hydrant head above the ground. The standpipe is usually made of galvanized steel or copper for durability.
Valve Mechanism: Inside the standpipe, there is a valve mechanism that controls the flow of water. The valve is typically a plunger or a piston connected to the hydrant head. When the hydrant is closed, the valve seals off the water supply to prevent any leakage.
Drainage System: Below the valve mechanism, there is a drainage system in the standpipe. This system allows water to drain out of the hydrant when it is closed, preventing any remaining water from freezing and causing damage to the pipe or valve.
Hydrant Head: The hydrant head is the part of the hydrant that sits above the ground. It includes the handle or operating mechanism and the spout or nozzle where water is dispensed. The hydrant head is typically made of brass or another durable material.
Water Flow: When the hydrant is opened by turning the handle counterclockwise, the valve mechanism inside the standpipe lifts, allowing water to flow from the water supply line up through the hydrant head and out of the spout.
Water Shut-Off: When the hydrant is closed by turning the handle clockwise, the valve mechanism descends and seals off the water supply. At the same time, the drainage system in the standpipe allows any water remaining in the hydrant to drain out through the bottom of the standpipe.
Frost Protection: The key feature of a frost-free hydrant is that when it is closed, the valve mechanism is located below the frost line. This positioning keeps the water in the standpipe and valve area below ground, where it is insulated from freezing temperatures. By draining any remaining water, it prevents the water from freezing and causing damage to the hydrant.
Leaks: Leaks are a frequent problem with yard hydrants and can occur at various points, including the hydrant head, packing, or connections. To address leaks, first, ensure that all connections are tightened properly. If the leak persists, inspect the packing and replace it if worn or damaged. A yard hydrant repair kit or specific frost-free hydrant repair kit can provide the necessary replacement components.
Poor Water Flow: If you notice a decrease in water flow from your yard hydrant, the issue could be a blockage in the water supply line or within the hydrant itself. Check for any debris or sediment in the strainer or screen at the bottom of the hydrant. If necessary, clean or replace the strainer to restore proper water flow.
Handle Difficulties: Over time, the handle of a yard hydrant may become difficult to turn or operate. This can be due to rust, corrosion, or wear and tear. Apply a lubricant or penetrating oil to the handle and operating mechanism to ease movement. If the handle is damaged, consider replacing it with the appropriate yard hydrant repair kit or part.
Inconsistent Shut-Off: If your yard hydrant does not shut off completely, water may continue to flow even when the handle is closed. This issue is often caused by a worn or damaged valve seat or plunger. Inspect these components and replace them if necessary using a compatible repair kit or individual parts.
Freezing: While frost-free hydrants are designed to prevent freezing, extreme cold temperatures or inadequate installation may still result in freezing issues. If your yard hydrant freezes, follow the manufacturer's instructions to thaw it properly. Consider adding additional insulation around the standpipe or taking preventive measures, such as burying the hydrant deeper below the frost line.
Replacement Packing: The packing, also known as the packing material or packing washer, is a critical component that creates a watertight seal around the hydrant stem. Over time, the packing can wear out or become damaged, leading to leaks. A repair kit will typically include a replacement packing that matches the specifications of the specific hydrant model.
O-Rings and Gaskets: O-rings and gaskets are used to create seals in various parts of the hydrant, such as between the hydrant head and the standpipe. These seals prevent water from leaking at connection points. A repair kit may include different sizes of O-rings and gaskets to accommodate different components of the hydrant.
Valve Seat and Plunger: The valve seat and plunger are crucial components that control the flow of water within the hydrant. If these parts become worn or damaged, they can lead to issues such as inconsistent shut-off or poor water flow. Some repair kits may include replacement valve seats and plungers specific to the hydrant model.
Screws, Nuts, and Bolts: A repair kit may also include a selection of screws, nuts, and bolts that are commonly used in the assembly and maintenance of the hydrant. These small hardware items are essential for securing different components and ensuring proper functioning.
Instructions or Manual: To assist with the repair process, many repair kits provide detailed instructions or a manual. These resources guide you through the necessary steps for disassembling the hydrant, replacing components, and reassembling it correctly.
Replacement Valve: The valve is a crucial component that controls the flow of water within the wall hydrant. Over time, the valve may become worn, damaged, or fail to function correctly. A repair kit may include a replacement valve designed specifically for the Wade wall hydrant model.
Valve Stem and Packing: The valve stem and packing play a vital role in creating a watertight seal and ensuring smooth operation of the wall hydrant. These components may be included in the repair kit to replace worn or damaged parts.
O-Rings and Gaskets: O-rings and gaskets are used to create seals and prevent leaks at various connection points in the wall hydrant. A repair kit may include a selection of O-rings and gaskets to accommodate different sizes and locations within the specific Wade wall hydrant model.
Operating Handle: The operating handle is the part of the wall hydrant that allows you to open and close the valve. If the handle becomes damaged or difficult to operate, a repair kit may include a replacement handle to restore proper functionality.
Screws, Nuts, and Bolts: A repair kit may also include a selection of screws, nuts, and bolts commonly used in the assembly and maintenance of Wade wall hydrants. These small hardware items are essential for securing different components and ensuring proper functioning.
Instructions or Manual: Many repair kits provide detailed instructions or a manual to guide you through the repair process. These resources can be helpful in disassembling the wall hydrant, replacing components, and reassembling it correctly.
Shut off the Water Supply: Locate the main water shut-off valve for your hydrant and turn it off to stop the water flow. This will prevent water from continuously leaking while you assess and repair the underground leak.
Dig around the Hydrant: Excavate the area around the hydrant to expose the underground portion of the pipe. Be careful when digging to avoid damaging the hydrant or other underground utilities. Remove enough soil to gain access to the pipe and inspect it for any visible signs of damage or leakage.
Check the Connections: Inspect the connections between the hydrant and the water supply line. Ensure that all connections are properly tightened and secure. Look for any signs of water dripping or pooling around the connections, which may indicate a leak.
Examine the Standpipe: Carefully inspect the standpipe, the vertical pipe that connects the hydrant to the water supply line below ground. Look for any cracks, holes, or other visible damage. Pay close attention to areas where the standpipe meets the hydrant and the underground water line.
Test for Leaks: Once the area is excavated and the connections and standpipe have been inspected, it's time to test for leaks. Turn on the water supply briefly while monitoring the exposed pipe and connections for any signs of water leaking. Use a flashlight to check for water dripping or any visible leaks.
Repair or Replace Damaged Components: If you identify any damaged or leaking components, such as cracked pipes, faulty connections, or damaged seals, it is advisable to repair or replace them. Depending on the extent of the damage, you may need to consult a professional plumber for assistance or consider replacing the entire hydrant if necessary.
Reassemble and Test: Once the necessary repairs or replacements have been made, carefully reassemble the hydrant and ensure all connections are properly tightened. Turn on the water supply and observe the repaired area for any further signs of leakage. If no leaks are detected, proceed to backfill the excavated area.
Choose the Location: Select a suitable location for the water hydrant, considering factors such as proximity to water source, accessibility, and convenience. Ensure that the chosen location allows for proper clearance and will not interfere with other structures or utilities.
Check Local Codes and Regulations: Before proceeding with the installation, check your local building codes and regulations. Some areas may have specific requirements or restrictions for outdoor water hydrants, including minimum depth, backflow prevention, or permits.
Gather the Necessary Tools and Materials: To install a water hydrant, you will typically need the following tools and materials: a shovel, post hole digger or auger, PVC or copper pipe, fittings, Teflon tape or pipe joint compound, a plumb bob or level, and concrete or gravel for securing the hydrant.
Dig the Trench: Dig a trench from the water source to the desired location of the hydrant. The trench should be deep enough to accommodate the required bury depth of the hydrant, usually below the frost line in your area. Consult local guidelines or recommendations to determine the appropriate bury depth for your region.
Install the Pipe: Connect the water hydrant to the water supply line using the appropriate pipe and fittings. If using PVC pipe, ensure the joints are glued securely with PVC cement. If using copper pipe, use soldering or compression fittings. Apply Teflon tape or pipe joint compound to the threads to create a watertight seal.
Secure the Hydrant: Lower the water hydrant into the trench and position it vertically. Use a plumb bob or level to ensure the hydrant is straight and upright. Backfill the trench gradually, compacting the soil around the hydrant to provide stability. If preferred or required, pour concrete or add gravel around the base of the hydrant for added support.
Connect to the Water Supply: Connect the water hydrant to the water supply line using the appropriate fittings and connections. Ensure the connections are tight and leak-free. Turn on the water supply to test for any leaks or drips. If any issues are detected, make the necessary adjustments or repairs.
Test the Hydrant: Once the installation is complete, test the water hydrant by opening and closing the valve to ensure smooth operation and proper shut-off. Check for any leaks or drips around the hydrant or connections. If everything is functioning correctly, proceed with covering the hydrant and securing the area as desired.