Introduction of Road Pattern

What Is Road Pattern?

Different Types of Road Patterns

• Rectangular or Block Pattern
• Radial Pattern
  • Radial or Star & Block Pattern
  • Radial or Star & Circular Pattern
  • Radial or Star & Grid Pattern
• Hexagonal Pattern
• Minimum Travel Pattern
• Grid Pattern

1. Rectangular or Block Pattern

Pros of Rectangular or Block Pattern

1. The rectangular plots may be further divided into small rectangular blocks for the construction of buildings placed back to back, having roads on their front.
2. This pattern has been adopted for the city roads.
3. The construction and maintenance of roads of this pattern are comparatively easier.

Cons of Rectangular or Block Pattern

• This pattern is not very much convenient because at the intersections they are perpendicular, thus the vehicles face each other resulting in accidents.

2. Radial Road Pattern

2a. Radial or Star & Block Pattern

Pros of Radial or Star & Block Pattern

1. Less risky compared to a rectangular pattern.
2. It reduces the level of congestion at a primary bottleneck location.
3. If one radial road is blocked then another can be used as an alternative.

Cons of Radial or Star & Block Pattern

1. Lack of safety appurtenances like rail transitions, crash attenuators and post support bases.
2. It is only effective when two-lane ramp traffic does not have to merge at the downstream end of the ramp.

2b. Radial or Star & Circular Pattern

Pros of Radial or Star & Circular Pattern

1. It is safe as compared to the above patterns because vehicles travel in the same direction.
2. Roundabouts present in this pattern improves the efficiency of traffic flow. This also reduces fuel consumptions and emissions of the vehicle.
3. Reduces the possibility of rear-end crashes.

Cons of Radial or Star & Circular Pattern

1. Providing good curve is quite challenging.
2. It affects the driving ability (mainly old drivers face this problem due to a decrease in vision).
3. It is necessary for the proper provision of the traffic signal, road markings and lighting to alert the drivers.
4. Splitter islands should be extended far enough to provide crosswalk and describe the roundabout.

2c. Radial or Star & Grid Pattern

Pros of Radial or Star & Grid Pattern 

1. It increases the efficiency of land usage and unit density.
2. It improves the traffic flow in both directions utilizing Savannah’s cellular structure.
3. It provides high safety to vehicular traffic with a high proportion of 3-way intersections.
4. It reduces the cut-through traffic.

Cons of Radial or Star & Grid Pattern 

1. Splitter islands should be extended far enough.
2. High construction cost for extra road markings and signals.

3. Hexagonal Road Pattern

Pros of Hexagonal Road Pattern

• Three roads meet the built-up area boundary by the sides of the hexagons.

Cons of Hexagonal Road Pattern

• Traffic signs, pavement markings, and lighting should be adequate so that drivers are aware that they should reduce their travel speed.

4. Minimum Travel Pattern

Pros of Minimum Travel Pattern

• These types of potentially serious crashes essentiall0y are eliminated.

Cons of Minimum Travel Pattern

• Traffic signs, pavement markings, and lighting should be adequate so that drivers are aware that they should reduce their travel speed.
• Intersections can be especially challenging for older drivers.

5. Grid Pattern

Pros of Grid Pattern

1. Grids are good for pedestrians because there are many different ways to travel from A to B.
2. Grids are good for retail stores and restaurants because they offer a lot of corner lots.
3. Navigating a grid is fairly straightforward.

Cons of Grid Pattern

1. Grids are bad for drivers and bicyclists because they have a lot of intersections and therefore many potential conflict points.
2. Grids can encourage people to use residential streets as shortcuts.
3. Grids are a poor fit for cities with a lot of hills because they lead to unnecessarily steep streets.
4. An inconsistent or incomplete grid can easily result in traffic chaos.

History of Grid Pattern Road

Road Pattern

What Is Road Pattern?

Rectangular or Block Pattern

Radial or Star & Block Pattern

Radial or Star and Circular Pattern

Radial or Star and Grid Pattern

Hexagonal Road Pattern

Minimum Travel Pattern

Grid Pattern Definition

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