What Is Slab Construction | Types of Slab Design | What Is Floor Slab | Types of Floor Slab | Concrete Slabs Thickness | Prefabricated Concrete Slabs
Introduction of Slab Construction
The concrete slab is a horizontal surface of a residential building or commercial building, factories, flat, etc.
The thickness of the steel-reinforced slab is near about 100-500mm. This types of slabs are used for ceiling and floor purpose.
Less thin slabs are used to construct for exterior paving.
Sometimes in a domestic or commercial building, a thick concrete slab is constructed directly to the subsoil. These types of the slab are generally classified as the ground bearing slab.
Ground bearing slabs are mainly used in a residential or commercial building for floor purpose. This types of slabs are also known as "on-ground" or "slab-on-ground".
For this type of slab is necessary to construct according to the condition of the soil because some dynamic grounds create cracking.
The ground bearing slab needs proper curing to gain adequate strength.
When the corrugated slab is designed, the concrete is poured into a steel tray. This improves the strength of the slab and prevents to bend from its own weight.
In the case of the ribbed slab, it gains more strength in one direction. This is achieved with concrete beamsbearing loadbetween piers or columns, and thinner, integral ribs in the perpendicular direction.
In waffle slab, it provides adequate strength in both directions using a matrix segment beneath the slab.
The floor slab is acting as a floor constructedby concrete, which is one of the most important building components.
Floor slab formed a floor of a basement of a building, or act as a roof. This is constructed in the site by steel reinforcement or set out readymade prefabricated materials.
Those floors which are made with timber or other materials is not referred to as floor slab.
Sometimes floor slabs are supported with beams, and then it's constructed in the roof of a building then it's termed as roof slab.
The first type is slab is a flat concrete slab which is generally 100mm thickness. It's supported two sides or more sides of the concrete beam or steel beam.
The second type of slab is also a flat concrete slab supported with steel ribbed. The steel provides temporary and permanent support of concrete, a steel ceiling is observed from the downside of the slab.
A waffle slab is the third type of slab. In this type, the concrete is poured over the series of plastic; it results in an egg crate style. The thickness of this type of slab is 500mm or more.
An in situ concrete slabs over a beam and block with the steel reinforcement is the other type.
The final type of floorslab is a pre-cast concrete slab.
Minimum thickness of the concrete slab totally depends on types of slab-like one way or two way, a span of slab, design load.
The minimum thickness of concrete slab is near about 4 inches but not less than that according to standard code, but the slab thickness entirely depends on the design load and the span of the slab.
In the other hand, concrete mix grade is also very important to the thickness of the slab.
Basically, the actual thickness of the slab is to find out the design of the slab and by the Bar Bending Schedule (BBS).
Concrete slabs offer a wide variety of benefits, from initial design to long-standing structure and design.
Precast concrete slabs are made in a controlled environment that's why concrete which is used to construct is extremely good; for this reason, cracking is not generally developed.
Temperature and weather effects don't impact on this type of slab.
The precast concrete slab is enough strong and durable, so using this instead of a concrete slab is more stronger and more stable.
This slab resists both tensile and compressive strength.
The floor slab is a reinforced concrete slab which thickness is near about 5-6cm. Sometimes it can be 7 cm, depends on the cover of reinforcement. This is also called plate slab.
Sometimes the floor slab is precast, and it's constructed in a highly controlled environment, so it resists flexural tension.
The thickness of this precast slab is 12cm or 30cm. It totally depends on the span and loading of the slab.