What Is Stone?

Classification of Stones:

• As per geological origin, rocks are categorized as igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
• As per physical type, rocks are categorized as stratified, unstratified, and foliated.
• As per chemical structure, rocks are categorized as siliceous, argillaceous, and calcerous.

#1. Classification of Stones:  As Per Geological-

• Igneous Rocks,
• Sedimentary Rocks,
• Metamorphic Rocks.

#1.a. Igneous Rocks-

#1.b. Sedimentary Rocks-

• Mechanical degradation and eventual accumulation of many other stones, typically by water, like in the situation of sandstone and limestone;
• Its behavior of animals and plants, like in the situation of coral;
• Chemical deposition of minerals through water, like in the situation of gypsum.

#1.c. Metamorphic Rocks-

#2. Classification of Stones: As per Physical Form-

#3. Classification of Stones: As per Chemical Composition-

Use of Stone:

• As in the primary material for its foundation of structural engineering activities as well as for the building of walls, arches, buttresses including dams.
• Stonemasonry in areas where it would be readily accessible.
• As the total aggregate of concrete cement.

Application of Stone:

• • Stones are being used for basic preparing of various constructions and very often serve as essential Stones are being used for basic construction work such as base, floor coverings, masonry work, respectively.

• Stones are being used for ornamental as well as decorative elegance of various styles of buildings.
• Normally, these are being used for rail ballast and also as aggregates for cement including lime concrete.
• Stones are being used in the production of iron.
• Stones are often used to create fireproof buildings.
• Normally, stones have been used as building materials for various buildings, such as dams, foundations, bridge piers, ports, etc.
• Limestone serves as a fluid in the processing of cement and lime.
• Stones can be used for the simple planning of various constructions but often regarded as an important product for road as well as footpath construction.
• A stone sheet will be used as a damp proof course (DPC) in components built up of many other structural units, including bricks, hollow stones, respectively.

Advantages of Stone:

• Such rocks are present in nature in a broad variety of styles and colors and also have a distinctive elegance.
• Natural stones are thermal insulation and thus no modification is needed.
• Some other characteristics of natural stone are versatility as well as formability on a number of materials.

Disadvantages of Stone:

• The mass of the natural stone is greater than that of the artificial stone, but also being used in the construction is time - consuming process.
• Weather and climate conditions influence the rock structure and trigger cracking, mildew as well as dandruff to the soil.
• Natural stones were stripped from of the structure of the building by atmospheric as well as non-stick agents across period.

What Is Stone?

Use of Stone

• As a principal material for foundation of civil engineering works, and for the construction of walls, arches, abutments, and dams.
• In stone masonry in places where it is naturally available.
• As coarse aggregate in cement concrete (crushed form of rock).

Application of Stone

Advantages of Stone

• Durability. 
• Natural Color.
• Every Stone is Unique. 
• Cost-Effective.
• Workability. 
• Easy Maintenace.

Disadvantages of Stone

• The weight of the natural stone is heavier than artificial stone, and therefore its use in the building is time-consuming.
• Climate and environmental changes affect the texture of the rock and cause cracking, mildew, and dandruff on the surface.

Classification of Stones

Stone Classification

Geological Classification of Stones

Explain the Classification of Stones

Disadvantages of Metamorphic Rocks

• Limited Availability
• Difficulty in Extraction
• Limited Diversity
• Lack of Porosity
• Susceptible to Weathering

What Is the Stone?

Classification of Stones in Civil Engineering

Chemical Classification of Stones

• Silicate Stones
• Carbonate Stones
• Oxide Stones
• Sulfate Stones
• Phosphate Stones
• Native Element Stones

Physical Classification of Stones

Stone and Church Classification

• Calcium oxalate stones
• Calcium phosphate stones
• Uric acid stones
• Struvite stones
• Cystine stones

Disadvantages of Igneous Rocks

Advantages and Disadvantages of Stone

Classification of Good Building Stone

Advantages and Disadvantages of Sedimentary Rocks

• Fossil fuels
• Building materials
• Soil formation
• Water storage
• Geologic history

• Weakness
• Limited durability
• Environmental issues
• Limited applications
• Limited availability

• Stone Joints
• Drypack Concrete
• Types of Buttresses
• Disadvantages of Epoxy Flooring
• What Is Dressing of Stone | Types of Dressing of Stone
• Floating Slab Vs Monolithic Slab | What Is Monolithic Slab | What Is Floating Slab
• RCCFull Form | What Is RCC | Advantages & Disadvantages of Reinforced Cement Concrete | Properties of RCC | What Does RCC Stands for
• What Is a Cavity Wall | How to Build a Cavity Wall | Cavity Wall Detail | Cavity Wall Thickness | Cavity Wall Insulation Pros and Cons | Brick Cavity Wall
• What Is Oblique Drawing | Oblique Drawing Examples | What Is Oblique View | Oblique Projection | Oblique Shape | Cabinet Oblique | What Is Cavalier Drawing
• Which of the Following Is a Way That Slopes Fail | Types of Slope Failure | Geotechnical Failures | Types of Slopes in Geography | Causes of Slope Failure | Slope Stability
• What Is Pier and Beam Foundation | Advantages & Disadvantage of Pier and Beam Foundations | Pier and Beam Foundation Design | How to Build a Post and Pier Foundation